The rationality of power in late modernity is increasingly shaped by statistical calculation and algorithmic governance rather than by classical forms of sovereign authority. This historical and ontological shift — from land-based, prohibitory sovereignty toward complex regimes of surveillance and control that govern populations and individuals both “at a distance” and “from within” — has become a central debate in contemporary political philosophy. This article argues that the crisis of legitimacy and the reconfiguration of the modern state represent not merely a change in economic model, but a fundamental mutation of the state’s raison d’État and its mechanisms of truth production. Drawing on Michel Foucault’s analysis of neoliberalism developed in his Collège de France lectures, the study synthesizes contemporary critical literatures on “metric power,” “governing by numbers,” and the “audit society.” Methodologically, the article is based on qualitative content analysis and theoretical synthesis. It examines how neoliberalism operates, through market rationality, as a numerical regime of truth — or what is conceptualized here as a “metric regime.” The findings suggest that the neoliberal state does not withdraw but is reconstituted as a more interventionist and surveillance-oriented formation through performance indicators, algorithmic evaluation, and competitive norms. Metrics function not merely as technical tools of measurement but as technologies of power that shape subjectivity and legitimize governance.