Ethical Principles

The journal adheres to the guidelines of COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics) and expects all parties involved in the publication process to comply with these principles.

For Authors:

• Research must be conducted in accordance with the principles of academic integrity.

• All data, sources, and methods used must be accurately and transparently reported.

• Studies requiring ethical approval must be accompanied by a valid ethics committee approval document.

• Plagiarism, duplication, salami slicing, or data fabrication are strictly prohibited.

For Reviewers:

• Reviews should be objective, confidential, and constructive.

• Reviewers with conflicts of interest must decline the review invitation.

For Editors:

• Editors base their decisions on impartiality and academic merit.

• Any conflict of interest arising during the evaluation process must be disclosed.