Open Access

An examination of sports fans’ perceptions of female performance athletes and their love–hate attitudes in terms of sociodemographic variables

1 Harran University, School of Physical Education and Sports, Department of Coaching Education, Şanlıurfa, Turkiye ROR
2 Giresun University, Faculty of Education, Department of Primary Education, Division of Classroom Education, Giresun, Turkiye ROR
3 Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Nevşehir, Turkiye ROR

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine sports fans’ perceptions of female performance athletes and their love–hate attitudes toward their favorite teams in relation to sociodemographic variables. The research was conducted using a quantitative design, and the sample consisted of 329 voluntary fans from different age and income levels. The Perception of Female Performance Athletes Scale and the Sports Fan Love and Hate Scale were used as data collection tools. Data were analyzed using t-tests, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Pearson correlation coefficient methods. According to the results, gender created significant differences in the perception and hatred levels toward female performance athletes, while no significant difference was found in the love dimension. Female participants exhibited more positive perceptions of female athletes, whereas male participants showed higher levels of hatred. Although no significant differences were observed in age, income, and fan-age variables overall, younger fans demonstrated a higher emotional attachment in the love dimension. The findings reveal that sports fandom is shaped by multidimensional factors such as gender roles, cultural values, and emotional commitment, and that perceptions toward female athletes are closely related to gender-based attitudes.

Keywords

How to Cite

Akillioglu, O., Guner, B., & Basoglu, B. (2025). An examination of sports fans’ perceptions of female performance athletes and their love–hate attitudes in terms of sociodemographic variables . Journal of ROL Sport Sciences, 6(4), 726–742. https://doi.org/10.70736/jrolss.2111

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