Although three-cushion billiards is a sport that requires a high level of technical skill, tactical decision-making, and precise motor control, scientific studies investigating the relationship between shot duration and performance indicators in elite players remain limited. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the competition performance of elite three-cushion billiards players. A total of 3228 shots from 52 matches involving four elite players who were selected for the Turkish national team were analyzed using video-based performance analysis and a sport-specific match observation form. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0. Statistical tests included the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, independent-samples Student's t-test, Mann–Whitney U test, one-way ANOVA with Tamhane post-hoc test, chi-square with continuity correction, and Pearson chi-square test. The results showed that mean shot duration did not differ significantly between won and lost matches (p > 0.05). A significant association was found between shot duration and shot success (p < 0.01), with successful shots occurring in shorter times than unsuccessful ones. First object ball preference did not affect shot duration (p > 0.05) or scoring success (p > 0.05). In addition, significant associations were found between first object ball selection and shot type (p < 0.01), and between shot type and scoring success (p < 0.01). The findings suggest that successful shots were generally completed within shorter durations, with scoring shots averaging approximately 24s.