Recommendations for preventing frequency overlaps in the mixing stage

Abstract

This study aims to present solutions to a commonly encountered problem in the mixing phase of music production, which is one of the most intricate stages, as it significantly shapes the music’s character. The introductory section provides an overview of the mixing phase along with relevant definitions, outlining the purpose and significance of the topic. Due to the high importance of the mixing phase, numerous variables must be utilized simultaneously, and a variety of software and hardware solutions have been developed to address this complexity and enhance production quality. A wide range of processors—including time-based (reverb, delay), frequency-based (equalizers, filters), and dynamics processors (compressor, limiter, expander)—serve the same purpose through different interfaces and have been integrated into music production. This study analyzes five completed mixing projects to examine these diverse techniques. It aims to identify methods used to prevent frequency collisions, with a particular focus on frequency-based processors, especially equalizers. Additionally, dynamic range processors are considered, and the Sidechain Compression technique is reviewed. The study further examines how stereo field width can prevent frequency collisions, covering the Mid/Side technique as well. Techniques such as Sidechain Compression and Sidechain Equalization are also explained. Dynamic, time-based, and frequency-based processors used to optimize sound in the vertical (dynamic range), horizontal (frequency), depth (time-based), and stereo fields are detailed, with parameter values provided when necessary. Given the physical nature of sound, even minor adjustments can impact all variables, so parameter values are approximate. The study concludes with results and recommendations, noting that primary processors and techniques include equalization, sidechain compression, stereo positioning, sidechain equalization, and multiband compression.