A longitudinal study on the transformation of privacy in Türkiye: Family, divorce, sexuality

Abstract

The family, as one of the most ancient institutions, serves as the individual’s first window to the world. Since the existence of the first human, this institution has undergone various transformations, adapting to changes over time. While defining a universal concept of “family” remains challenging, especially in the post-industrial society, the world has witnessed rapid transformations. With the advancement of information technologies, the traditional family structure has shifted, evolving from a unit focused solely on reproduction, meeting physiological needs, providing shelter, and fostering mutual responsibilities among its members, to a dynamic institution that adapts to the demands and conditions of its era. Through the processes of modernization and postmodernization, societal norms regarding the family have experienced significant transformations. In traditional societies, marriage functioned as more than a personal bond; it played a crucial role in maintaining social order. However, modernization has redefined this relationship through increasing individualism and the quest for freedom. The proliferation of mass communication tools has made issues such as gender roles, sexuality, divorce, out-of-wedlock childbirth, and restructured families more visible. Consequently, the concepts of family and marriage have become more fluid and dynamic. These changes not only reflect shifts in individual life practices but also mirror the transformation of societal values. This study aims to illustrate how family-related values, judgments, and diversity have evolved over time. Utilizing quantitative research methods, a longitudinal analysis was conducted based on data from the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th waves of the World Values Survey. Secondary data analysis was performed using SPSS software, employing chi-square tests for categorical variables and ANOVA for continuous measures over the years. The analyses revealed an increase in individualism and flexibility in family relationships. However, traditional perceptions, such as the societal role of women and the emphasis on motherhood, were found to change at a slower pace.