Describing the relationship between digital game addiction, physical activity levels and MET values of university students
Abstract views: 449
/ 
PDF downloads: 288
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10027841Keywords:
Digital game addiction, physical activity, sport, undergraduate studentsAbstract
Generation Z, born into a digitalizing world at the beginning of this century, started using mobile phones, tablets and laptops widely and intensively at a very young age. There are findings in the literature that this habit in adolescence may cause digital game addiction and restrict mobility. The aim of this study is to try to determine whether there is a relationship between digital game addiction and physical activities of undergraduate students. In this context, predictive correlational and causal comparison model were used in the study through a quantitative measurement. The relationship between digital game addiction and physical activity level was examined through the inventory prepared for the research. As a result of the data analysis of the study, while there was no significant difference in terms of physical activity level according to gender, it was determined that male participants had a significantly higher level of digital game addiction than female participants. According to the findings of the research, 90% of university students play digital games, but approximately 10% of families are concerned about playing digital games and control their children while they play. The level of physical activity also differed significantly between the students of the Faculty of Sports Sciences and the students of other faculties. Positive relationships were also found between the duration of playing digital games, digital game addiction and playing games on different game platforms. As the playing time increases, the number of platforms and the level of addiction increases. On the other hand, no relationship was found between MET value indicating physical activity and digital game addiction.
References
Akbulut, Y. (2013). Çocuk ve ergenlerde bilgisayar ve internet kullanımının gelişimsel sonuçları. Trakya Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 3(2), 53–68.
Allison, S. E., von Wahlde, L., Shockley, T., & Gabbard, G. O. (2006). The development of the self in the era of the Internet and role-playing fantasy games. American Journal of Psychiatry, 163(3), 381-385.
Alshehri, A. G., & Mohamed, A. M. A. S. (2019). The relationship between electronic gaming and health, social relationships and physical activity among males in Saudi Arabia. American Journal of Men's Health, 13(4), 1557988319873512.
Altay, A., & Koç, H. (2022). Fiziksel aktiviteye katılım motivasyonu ile dijital oyun oynama motivasyonu arasındaki ilişkinin kadın ve erkek öğrenciler arasındaki farklılıklar açısından incelenmesi. Düzce Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 2(1), 45-60.
APA. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM5), American Psychiatric Association, Arlington.
Ashok, P., Kharche, J. S., Raju, R., & Godbole, G. (2017). Metabolic equivalent task assessment for physical activity in medical students. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 7(3), 236.
Bekir, S. (2018). Üniversite öğrencilerinde çevrimiçi oyun bağımlılığı düzeyinin duygusal şemalar, eylemli kişilik ve bazı değişkenler açısından incelenmesi [Yüksek lisans tezi, Sakarya Üniversitesi]. Eğitimde Psikolojik Hizmetler.
Biddiss, E., & Irwin, J. (2010). Active video games to promote physical activity in children and youth: A systematic review. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 164(7), 664-672.
Biricik, Z. (2022). Yeni iletişim teknolojileri ile değişen çocukluk kültürü: Dijital çocukluk. Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi SBE Dergisi, 108-124.
Bonannoa, P., & Kommers, P. A. M. (2008). Exploring the influence of gender and gaming competence on attitudes towards using instructional games. British Journal of Educational Technology, 39(1), 97–109.
Charlton, J. P., & Danforth, I. D. (2007). Distinguishing addiction and high engagement in the context of online game playing. Computers in Human Behavior, 23(3), 1531-1548.
Choo, H., Gentile, D., Sim, T., Li, D. D., Khoo, A., & Liau, A. (2010). Pathological videogaming among Singaporean youth. Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore, 39(11), 822–829.
Chou, T. J., & Ting, C. C. (2003). The role of flow experience in cyber-game addiction. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 6(6), 663-675.
Craig, C. L., Marshall, A. L., Sjöström, M., Bauman, A. E., Booth, M. L., Ainsworth, B. E., … et al. (2003) International physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ): 12-country reliability and validity. Medicine and Science in Sports & Exercise, (35), 1381-1395.
Darıcı, S. (2015). Dijital oyunlarda kullanılan subliminal mesajların gerçeklik algısı üzerindeki etkilerine yönelik bir çalışma: gerçeklik eşiği kavramı. Journal of Turkish Studies, 10(14), 181–181.
Delebe, A. (2020). Ortaokul öğrencilerinde dijital oyun bağımlılığı ile bazı fiziksel parametreler ve akademik başarı durumları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi [Yüksek lisans tezi, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi]. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
Delebe, A., & Hazar, Z. (2022). Ortaokul öğrencilerinin dijital oyun bağımlılığı düzeyinin bazı fiziksel parametrelere ve akademik başarıya göre incelenmesi. Spormetre Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 20(3), 55-68.
Demir, T. G., & Cicicoğlu, H. İ. (2019). Fiziksel aktiviteye katılım motivasyonu ile dijital oyun oynama motivasyonu arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Spormetre, 17(3), 23–34.
Duncan, M. J., Wunderlich, K., Zhao, Y., & Faulkner, G. (2018). Walk this way: validity evidence of iphone health application step count in laboratory and free-living conditions. Journal of Sports Sciences, 36(15), 1695-1704.
Erboy, E. (2010). İlköğretim 4. ve 5. sınıf öğrencilerinin bilgisayar oyun bağımlılığına etki eden faktörler [Yüksek lisans tezi, Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi]. Eğitim Programları ve Öğretim Programı.
Frasca, G. (2001). Digital creativity rethinking agency and immersion: Video games as a means of consciousness-raising, Digital Creativity, 12(3), 167–174.
Gentile, D. (2009). Pathological video-game use among youth ages 8 to 18: A national study. Psychological Science, 20(5), 594-602.
Graf, D. L., Pratt, L. V., Hester, C. N., & Short, K. R. (2009). Playing active video games increases energy expenditure in children. Pediatrics, 124(2), 534-540.
Green, C. S., & Bavelier, D. (2003) Action video game modifies visual selective attention, Nature, (423), 534–537.
Griffiths, M. (2005). A “components” model of addiction within a biopsychosocial framework. Journal of Substance Use, 10(4), 191–197.
Griffiths, M. D., & Davies, M. N. O. (2005). Video game Addiction: Does it exist? Handbook of computer game studies. MIT Pres.
Griffiths, M. D., & Meredith, A. (2009). Videogame addiction and its treatment. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, (39), 247-253.
Griffiths, M. D., Davies, M. N., & Chappell, D. (2004). Online computer gaming: A comparison of adolescent and adult gamers. Journal of Adolescence, 27(1), 87–96.
Grüsser, S. M., Thalemann, R., & Griffiths, M. D. (2006). Excessive computer game playing: evidence for addiction and aggression? Cyberpsychology & Behavior, 10(2), 290-292.
Gül, M., Gül, O. & Uzun, R. (2019). Participation motivation scale for e-sports: Validity and reliability study (pmses). Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise, 21 (2), 281-294. DOI: 10.15314/tsed.563111
Güler, M. S., & Çakır, E. (2020). Analysis of the relationship between digital game playing motivation and physical activity. African Educational Research Journal, (8), 9-16.
Haase, A., Steptoe, A., & Sallis, J. F. (2004). Leisure time physical activity in university students from 23 countries: Associations with health beliefs, risk awereness and national economic development, Preventive Medicine, (39), 182-190.
Hazar, E., & Hazar, Z. (2019). Üniversite öğrencileri için dijital oyun bağımlılığı ölçeği (Uyarlama çalışması). Spor Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(2), 308-322.
Hazar, Z., & Hazar, M. (2017). Çocuklar için dijital oyun bağımlılığı ölçeği. Journal of Human Sciences, 14(1), 203-216.
Hazar, Z., Hazar, K., Gökyürek, B., Hazar, M., & Çelikbilek, S. (2017a): Ortaokul öğrencilerinin oyunsallık, dijital oyun bağımlılığı ve saldırganlık düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelenmesi. Uluslararası İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi, 14(4), 4320-4332.
Hazar, Z., Tekkurşun-Demir, G., Namlı, S., & Türkeli, A. (2017b). Ortaokul öğrencilerinin dijital oyun bağımlılığı ve fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(3), 320-332.
Horzum, M. B. (2011). İlköğretim öğrencilerinin bilgisayar oyunu bağımlılık düzeylerinin çeşitli değişkenlere göre incelenmesi. Eğitim ve Bilim 36(159), 56-68.
IPAQ Research Committee (2005). Guidelines for data processing and analysis of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ)–short and long forms.
Irmak A.Y., & Erdoğan, S. (2016). Ergen ve genç erişkinlerde dijital oyun bağımlılığı: güncel bir bakış. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi 27(2), 128-137.
Jeong, S. H., & Kim, S. T. (2011). Reviews of science for science librarians: Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS). Science & Technology Libraries, 30(3), 229–243.
Karaca, S., Gök, C., Kalay, E., Başbuğ, M., Hekim, M., Onan, N., … et al. (2016). Ortaokul öğrencilerinde bilgisayar oyun bağımlılığı ve sosyal anksiyetenin incelenmesi. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, 6(1), 14-19.
Karayağız-Muslu, G., & Bolışık, B. (2009). Çocuk ve gençlerde internet kullanımı. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin, 8(5), 445-450.
Karim, R., & Chaudhri, P. (2012). Behavioral addictions: An overview. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 44(1), 5–17.
Kayhan, O., & Sabah, S. (2022). Sedanter ve spor yapan öğrencilerin dijital oyun bağımlılık düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Amasya Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 11(1), 111-120.
Khan, M. K., & Kanof, E. P. (2007). Emotional and behavioral effects, including addictive potential, of video games. American Medical Association.
Kirriemuir, J. (2002). Video gaming, education and digital learning technologies. D-lib Magazine, 8(2), 7.
Kodaman, U., & Dinç, M. (2016). Teknolojiye bağımlı yaşama! Kültür Sanat Basımevi.
Kolçak, S., & Çakır, E. (2022). Impact of secondary school students’ motivation to play digital games on motivation to participate in physical activity. Research in Sport Education and Sciences, 24(4), 113-118.
Kudaş S., Ülkar B., Erdogan A., & Çırçı E. (2005). Ankara ili 11-12 yaş grubu çocukların fiziksel aktivite ve bazı beslenme alışkanlıkları. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi 16(1), 19-29.
Kuss, D. J., & Griffiths, M. D. (2012) Internet gaming addiction: A systematic review of empirical research. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction (10), 278–296.
Kuss, D. J., Louws, J., & Wiers, R. W. (2012). Online gaming addiction? Motives predict addictive play behavior in massively multiplayer online role-playing games. Cyberpsychology Behavior and Social Networking, 15(9), 480–485.
Kültegin, Ö. (2020). İnternet bağımlılığı: İnternetin psikolojisini anlamak ve bağımlılık ile başa çıkmak. İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları.
Lee, K. M., Jeong, E. J., Park, N., & Ryu, S. (2011). Effects of interactivity in educational games: A mediating role of social presence on learning outcomes. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 27(7), 620–633.
Lee, M. S., Ko, Y. H., Song, H. S., Kwon, K. H., Lee, H. S., Nam, M., … et al. (2007). Characteristics of internet use in relation to game genre in Korean adolescents. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 10(2), 278-285.
Lemmens, J. S., Valkenburg, P. M., & Peter, J. (2009). Development and validation of a game addiction scale for adolescents. Media Psychology, 12(1), 77-95.
Lemmens, J. S., Valkenburg, P. M., & Peter, J. (2011). Psychosocial causes and consequences of pathological gaming. Computers in Human Behavior, 27(1), 144–152.
Lemmens, J. S., Valkenburg, P. M., & Peter, J. (2012). Development and validation of a game addiction scale for adolescents. Media Psychology, 12(1), 77-95.
Leonhardt, M., & Overå, S. (2021) Are There Differences in video gaming and use of social media among boys and girls? -A Mixed Methods Approach. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(11), 6085.
Liu, M., & Peng, W. (2009). Cognitive and psychological predictors of the negative outcomes associated with playing MMOGs (massively multiplayer online games). Computers in Human Behavior, 25(6), 1306–1311.
Männikkö, N., Billieux, J., & Kääriäinen, M. (2015). Problematic digital gaming behavior and its relation to the psychological social and physical health of Finnish adolescents and young adults. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 4(4), 281-288.
McKay, F. H., Wright, A., Shill, J., Hons, B., & Uccellini, M. (2019). Using health and well-being apps for behavior change: A systematic search and rating of apps. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 7(7), e11926, 1-11.
Moser, C., & Fang, X. (2015). Narrative structure and player experience in role-playing games. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 31(2), 146–156.
Mota, J., Ribeiro, J., Santos, M. P., & Gomes, H. (2006). Obesity, physical activity, computer use, and TV viewing in Portuguese adolescents. Pediatric Exercise Science, 18(1), 113-121.
Muslu, M., & Gökçay, G. F. (2019). Teknoloji bağımlısı çocuklarda obeziteye neden olan risk faktörleri. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(2), 72-79.
Mustafaoğlu, R., Zirek, E., Yasacı, Z., & Özdinçler, A.R. (2018). The negative effects of digital technology usage on children’s development and health. The Turkish Journal on Addictions 5(2), 13-21
Nazlıgül, M. D., & Yılmaz, A. E. (2019). Oyun bağımlılığı ve egzersiz bağımlılığına davranışsal bağımlılık çerçevesinden bakış. Bağımlılık Dergisi, 20(2), 97-108.
Ng, B. D., & Wiemer-Hastings, P. (2005). Addiction to the internet and online gaming. Cyber Psychology & Behavior, 8(2), 110–113.
Orhan, E., Aktuğ, Z. B., & İbiş, S. (2018). Çocuklarda fiziksel aktivite seviyesi dijital oyun bağımlılığı ve dikkat düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Tarih Okulu Dergisi (TOD), 11(37), 447-469.
Öztürk, M. (2005). Üniversitede eğitim-öğretim gören öğrencilerde Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketinin geçerliliği ve güvenirliği ve fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinin belirlenmesi [Yüksek lisans tezi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi]. Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
Pereira, A. M., Figueiredo, P., Seabra, A., & Brito, J. (2019). Evaluation of physical activity levels in FPF eSports e-athletes. Motricidade, (15), 188-188.
Pontes, H. M., & Griffiths, M. D. (2005). Internet gaming disorder and its associated cognitions and cognitive-related impairments: A systematic review using PRISMA guidelines. Revista Argentina de Ciencias del Comportamiento, 7(3), 102-108.
Prot, S., Anderson, C. A., Gentile, D. A., Brown, S. C., & Swing, E. L. (2014). The positive and negative effects of video game play. Media and The Well-Being of Children and Adolescents, (109), 2010-2014.
Rosen, L. D., Lim, A. F., Felt, J., Carrier, L. M., Cheever, N. A., Lara-Ruiz, J. M., … et al. (2014). Media and technology use predicts ill-being among children, preteens and teenagers independent of the negative health impacts of exercise and eating habits. Computers in Human Behavior, (35), 364–375.
Saygın, Ö., & Mengütay, S. (2004). Kız ve erkek çocukların fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri ve fiziksel aktivite yoğunluklarının değerlendirilmesi. Spor ve Tıp Dergisi, 12(1), 13–16.
Shin, J. (2018). Joint association of screen time and physical activity with obesity: Findings from the Korea media panel study. Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives, 9(4), 207–212.
Spekman, M. L. C., Konijn, E. A., Roelofsma, P. H. M. P., & Griffiths, M. D. (2013). Gaming addiction, definition and measurement: A largescale empirical study. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(6), 2150– 2155.
Şengül, C., & Büber, A. (2016). Dijital oyun bağımlılığında tanı ve tedavi. Türkiye Psikiyatri Derneği Sürekli Eğitim/Sürekli Mesleki Gelişim Dergisi, 6(3), 175-182.
Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using multivariate statistics. Pearson.
Tanrıverdi, M., & Yekelenga, S. (2019). Genç yetişkinlerde dijital oyun bağımlılığının sağlıklı yaşam parametreleri üzerine etkisi. Bağımlılık Dergisi, 20(4), 224-231.
Tekkurşun-Demir, G., & Cicioğlu, H. (2019). Fiziksel aktiviteye katilim motivasyonu ile dijital oyun oynama motivasyonu arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Spormetre Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 3(17), 23-34.
Tran, G. A., & Strutton, D. (2013). What factors affect consumer acceptance of in-game advertisements? Journal of Advertising Research, 455-469.
Trout, J., & Christie, B. (2007). Interactive video games in physical education. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 78(5), 29-45.
Urlu, Y. (2014). 10-12 Yaş grubu çocukların fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinin araştırılması: Antalya İli Örneği. [Yüksek lisans tezi, Balıkesir Üniversitesi]. Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
Wan, C. S., & Chiou, W. B. (2006). Why are adolescents addicted to online gaming? An interview study in Taiwan. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 9(6), 762–766.
Wittek, C. T., Finserås T. R., Pallesen, S., Mentzoni R. A., Hanss, D, Griffiths, M. D., … et al. (2016). Prevalence and predictors of video game addiction: A study based on a national representative sample of gamers. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 14(5), 672-686.
Yau, Y. H. C., Crowley, M. J., Mayes, L. C., & Potenza, M. N. (2012). Are Internet useand videogame-playing addictive behaviors? Biological, clinical and public health implications for youths and adults. Minerva Psichiatr, 53(3), 153–170.
Yee, N. (2006). Motivations for play in online games. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 9(6), 772–775.
Young, K. S. (2009). Understanding online gaming addiction and treatment issues for adolescents. The American Journal of Family Therapy, 37(5), 355-372.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of ROL Sport Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
