Effect of teakwondo training on self-control, quality of life and self-defense levels in sedentary women
Abstract views: 151
/ 
PDF downloads: 83
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13908026Keywords:
Self-control, quality of life, self-defenceAbstract
In the existing literature, comparisons of physiological and performance data have been made in general with regard to taekwondo training applied to women. The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of taekwondo training on self-control, quality of life and self-defense capabilities in sedentary women. The study was conducted using the pre-test–post-test control group model, which is one of the experimental designs from quantitative research approaches and real experimental models. A total of 40 women were included in the study, comprising the exercise group (EG) and the control group (CG). No application was made to the control group. The study programme involved the participants engaging in Taekwondo kyorugi (basic and combined stances) exercises for a period of six weeks, three days a week, with each session lasting 60 minutes. The study employed a personal information form comprising seven questions, a quality of life scale, a multidimensional brief self-control scale and, finally, a physical self-defense scale for women. The data obtained from the study were analysed using the SPSS 21.0 statistical package programme. The sedentary women who participated in the study demonstrated increases in the sub-dimensions of all scales in the training group. Additionally, significant differences were observed in the quality of life sub-dimensions, the initiation sub-dimension of the multidimensional brief self-control scale, and the dangerous physical attack sub-dimensions of the physical self-defense scale for women. In the control group, significant decreases were observed in the mental health sub-dimension of the quality of life scale, as well as in both sub-dimensions of the multidimensional brief self-control scale and in the simple physical assault sub-dimensions of the physical self-defense scale for women. The findings indicated that six weeks of taekwondo training had a positive impact on the self-control, quality of life and self-defense capabilities of sedentary women.
References
Alemdağ, C., Alemdağ, S., & Özkara, A. B. (2016). Physical activity as a determinant of subjective happiness. Journal Baltic Journal of Sport and Health Sciences, 4(103), 2–10.
Allender, S., Cowburn, G., & Foster, C. (2006). Understanding participation in sport and physical activity among children and adults: A review of qualitative studies. Health Education: Theory, Research and Practice, 21(6), 826–35.
Bowling, A. (1993). Measuring health, a review of quality of life measurement. Open University, 1-23.
Brown, W. J., McLaughlin, D., & Leung, J. (2012). Physical activity and all-cause mortality in older female and men. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 46(9), 664-668.
Burke, D. T., Al-Adawi, S., Lee, Y. T., & Audette, J. (2007). Martial arts as sport and therapy. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 47(1), 96-102.
Cho, S. Y., Kim, Y. I., & Roh, H. T. (2017). Effects of taekwondo intervention on cognitive function and academic self-efficacy in children. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 29(4), 713-715.
Cohen, J. (1988) Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Cromwell, R. L., Meyers, P. M., Meyers, P. E., & Newton, R. A. (2007). Tae Kwon Do: an effective exercise for improving balance and walking ability in older adults. The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 62(6), 641-646.
Çebi, M., Yamak, B., & Öztürk, M. (2016). 11-14 yaş çağındaki çocukların spor yapma alışkanlığının duygu kontrolü üzerine etkilerinin incelenmesi. Amasya Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(2), 468-482.
Çiçek, G., İmamoğlu, O., Yamaner, F., Türk, N., (2017). Psychological effects of cardio bosu exercise on sedentary female. International Journal of Sport, Exercise and Training Science, 3(3), 69-75.
Douris, P., Chinan, A., Gomez, M., Aw, A., Steffens, D., & Weiss, S. (2004). Fitness levels of middle aged martial art practitioners. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 38(2), 143-147.
Erbaydar, N. P., Bilir, N., Özcebe L. H., Vaizoğlu, S., & Aslan, D., (2011). Evaluation of health-related quality of life of Female living in a city center in the east of Türkiye, Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences, 41(2), 307-316.
Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A. G., & Buchner, A. G (2007). Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior Research Methods, 39(2), 175-191
Fong, S. S., & Ng, G. Y. (2011). Does Taekwondo training improve physical fitness? Physical Therapy in Sport, 12(2), 100-106.
Garber, C. E., Blissmer, B., Deschenes, M. R., Franklin, B. A., Lamonte, M. J., Lee, I. M., ... et al. (2011). American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Quantity and quality of exercise for developing and maintaining cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal, and neuromotor fitness in apparently healthy adults: guidance for prescribing exercise. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 43(7), 1334-1359.
Ghorbanzadeh, B., & Bayar, P. A. (2013). Comparison of the pre-competition and post-competition anxiety levels of taekwondo athletes. Life Science Journal, 10(2), 5-10.
Hudelmaier, M., Wirth, W., Himmer, M., Ring‐Dimitriou, S., Sänger, A., & Eckstein, F. (2010). Effect of exercise intervention on thigh muscle volume and anatomical cross‐sectional areas—Quantitative assessment using MRI. Magnetic resonance in medicine, 64(6), 1713-1720.
Jung, H. C., Lee, S., Seo, M. W., & Song, J. K. (2017). Isokinetic assessment of agonist and antagonist strength ratios in collegiate taekwondo athletes: A preliminary study. Sport Sciences for Health, 13, 175-181.
Karasar, N. (2017). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri: Kavramlar, teknikler ve ilkeler. Nobel Yayınevi.
Karadağ, H., Karataş, Ö., Doğar, Y., Ilkim, M., Yavuz, C., Çelik, T., ... & Aydemir, A. (2024). Quality of Life Gains for Special Athletes in the Turkish Athletics Championship: A Study on Parent Perspectives (2023). Revista de Psicología del Deporte (Journal of Sport Psychology), 33(1), 412-425.
Kim, D. Y., Seo, B. D., & Choi, P. A. (2014). Influence of taekwondo as security martial arts training on anaerobic threshold, cardiorespiratory fitness, and blood lactate recovery. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 26(4), 471-474.
Kim, H. B., Jung, H. C., Song, J. K., Chai, J. H., & Lee, E. J. (2015). A follow-up study on the physique, body composition, physical fitness, and isokinetic strength of female collegiate Taekwondo athletes. Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation, 11(1), 57.
Kim, Y. J., Baek, S. H., Park, J. B., Choi, S. H., Lee, J. D., & Nam, S. S. (2021). The psychosocial effects of Taekwondo training: A meta-analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(21), 11427.
Koç, H., Şimşir Gökalp, Z., & Seki, T. (2023). The relationships between self-control and distress among emerging adults: A serial mediating roles of fear of missing out and social media addiction. Emerging Adulthood, 11(3), 626-638.
Koçyiğit, B., Çimen, E., & Pepe, O. (2022). Taekwondo sporcuların başa çıkma yeterliliklerinin incelenmesi. Sivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 3(2), 45-51.
Lakes, K. D., & Hoyt, W. T. (2004). Promoting self-regulation through school-based martial arts training. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 25(3), 283-302.
Lakes, K. D., Bryars, T., Sirisinahal, S., Salim, N., Arastoo, S., Emmerson, N., … et al. (2013). The healthy for life taekwondo pilot study: A preliminary evaluation of effects on executive function and BMI, feasibility, and acceptability. Mental Health and Physical Activity, 6(3), 181-188.
Nair, A. (2020 September 15). What are the benefits of learning Taekwondo? 2024 from: https://thebridge.in/featured/what-are-thebenefits-of-learning-taekwondo/?infinitescroll=1
Nilsen, F. A., Bang, H., Boe, O., Martinsen, Ø. L., Lang-Ree, O. C., & Røysamb, E. (2020). The Multidimensional Self-Control Scale (MSCS): Development and validation. Psychological Assessment, 32(11), 1057.
Özatman, S., & Yılmaz, C. (2024). Kadınlarda step-aerobik egzersizlerinin yaşam kalitesi, hayat sevgisi ve ruh sağlığının sürekliliğine etkisi. Spor ve Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi, 15(2), 211-226.
Selucik, A., & Dilek, A. N. (2020). Taekwondo sporcuları üzerine yapılmış psikolojik çalışmaların sistematik derlemesi. Uluslararası Güncel Eğitim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 6(2), 603-614.
Soylu, C., & Kütük, B. (2021). SF-12 Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği’nin Türkçe formunun güvenirlik ve geçerlik çalışması. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 1-9.
USATKD. (2022 September 14). What is Taekwondo? https://www.teamusa.org/USA-Taekwondo/V2- Getting-Started-in-Taekwondo/What-isTaekwondo
Uyar, M. (2022). Kadınlar için fiziksel öz savunma ölçeğinin geliştirilmesi. Uluslararası Bozok Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 3(3), 29-45.
Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2015). Using multivariate statistics. (sixthed). Allyn & Bacon/Pearson Education. Çeviri: Mustafa Baloğlu, Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
Tavşancıl, E. (2014). Tutumların ölçülmesi ve SPSS ile veri analizi. Nobel Yayıncılık.
Ware, J. J. E., Kosinski, M., Bayliss, M. S., McHorney, C. A., Rogers, W. H., & Raczek, A. (1995). Comparison of methods for the scoring and statistical analysis of SF-36 health profile and summary measures: summary of results from the Medical Outcomes Study. Medical Care, AS264-AS279.
Wen, C. P., Wai, J. P. M., Tsai, M. K., Yang, Y. C., Cheng, T. Y. D., Lee, M. C., ... et al. (2011). Minimum amount of physical activity for reduced mortality and extended life expectancy: A prospective cohort study. The Lancet, 378(9798), 1244-1253
Ziaee, V., Lotfian, S., Amini, H., Mansournia, M. A., & Memari, A. H. (2012). Anger in adolescent boy athletes: A comparison among judo, karate, swimming and non athletes. Iranian Journal of Pediatrics, 22(1), 9.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of ROL Sport Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
