1
Batman University, Faculty of Sport Science, Batman, Turkiye
2
Batman University, Faculty of Sport Science, Batman, Turkiye
3
Batman University, Faculty of Sport Science, Batman, Turkiye
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate some liver enzymes and blood lipids in adult women after 14 weeks of swimming training. The study was voluntarily participated by 28 women students between the ages of 18-24 studying at the faculty of sports sciences. Participants were divided into two groups experimental and control groups. The experimental group received basic swimming training 2 days a week for 14 weeks. Each study session was planned for 90 minutes. The control group did not participate in any study. Blood samples were taken from the experimental and control groups before and after the start of the training program. Shapiro-Wilk test was applied to determine whether the obtained data showed normal distribution and it was determined that the data showed normal distribution. Therefore, Paired Samples T Test and Independent Samples T Tests were used. Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Gamma Glutamyl Transferase (GGT), Urea, Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), High Density Lipoprotein (HDL), Triglyceride (TG), and Cholesterol values of the experimental and control groups were compared according to the values obtained from the blood samples. There were significant differences between the post-test measurements of Triglyceride and Cholesterol values in the comparison between the groups. The intra-group comparison showed significant differences in HDL and triglyceride values in the experimental group. As a result, it was observed that 14 weeks of basic swimming training in adult women had positive effects on some plasma lipid levels but did not show any significant changes in liver enzymes.
Keywords
Blood lipids,liver enzymes,swimming,women
How to Cite
Yenturk, B., Çelik, N. M., & Köroğlu, M. (2024). Impact of a 14-week basic swimming program on liver enzymes and plasma lipids in adult women. Journal of ROL Sport Sciences, 5(4), 662–670. https://doi.org/10.70736/jrolss.476
📄Akbulut, T. (2019). Farklı egzersiz uygulamalarının ırisin, ısı şok protein 70 ve bazı biyokimyasal parametrelere etkisinin incelenmesi [Doctoral Thesis, Fırat University], Elazığ.
📄Bhat, T.R., Mukherjee, S., & Shahbaaz, M. (2018). The influence of an exercise program on the blood lipid profile of obese sedentary males. European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science, 4(2), 20-28. 8
📄Çakmakçı, E., & Pulur, A., (2007). Milli takım kamp döneminin bayan taekwondocularda bazı hematolojik parametreler üzerine etkileri. Gazi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 10, 39-47.
📄Çolak, H., Kale, R., & Cihan, H. (2003). The effects of the densely walking and cogging programs on high density lipoprotein (hdl-c) and low-density lipoprotein (Ldl-C). Spormetre, 1(1), 69-76. https://doi.org/10.1501/Sporm_0000000013
📄Deveci, K. (2016). Biyokimya laboratuarı test rehberi, Sivas, Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi Yayını.
📄de Munter, J.S., van Valkengoed, I.G., Stronks, K., & Agyemang, C. (2011). Total physical activity might not be a good measure in the relationship with HDL cholesterol and triglycerides in a multi-ethnic population: A cross-sectional study. Lipids Health Disease, 10, 223–223. https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-511X-10-223
📄Fallon, K.E. (2008). The clinical utility of screening of biochemical parameters in elite athletes. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 42(5), 334-341. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2007.041137
📄Gencer, Y.G., Çınar, A. & Comba, B. (2015). Stresin ratlarda bazı karaciğer enzimleri (AST, ALT, ALP) üzerine etkilerinin araştırılması. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi, 10(1), 21-26. https://doi.org/10.17094/avbd.27726
📄Gözaçık, Y. (2024). Genç erkek basketbol oyuncularına uygulanan alt ve üst ekstremite Fransız kontrast metodu antrenmanlarının bazı biyokimyasal parametreler ve performans değerlerine etkisi. [Doctoral Thesis, Fırat University], Elazığ.
📄Hammouda, O., Chtourou, H., Chaouachi, A., Chahed, H., Ferchichi, S., Kallel, C. & Souissi, N. (2012). Effect of short-term maximal exercise on biochemical markers of muscle damage, total antioxidant status, and homocysteine levels in football players. Asian Journal of Sports Medicine, 3(4), 239. https://doi.org/10.5812/asjsm.34544
📄Hannula, D., & Thornton, N. (2001). The swim coaching bible, worlds swimming coaches association. Human Kinetics, United States of America, 107-108.
📄Hürmüz, K., Tamer, K., & Çoksevim, B. (2007). Devamlı ve aralı (interval) koşu programlarının plazma üre ve kreatin düzeyleri üzerine etkisi. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 16(1), 17-23.
📄Kaynar, Ö., Öztürk, N., Kıyıcı, F., Baygutalp, N., & Bakan, E. (2016). The effects of short-term intensive exercise on levels of liver enzymes and serum lipids in kick boxing athletes. Dicle Medical Journal, 43(1).
📄Koç, H., & Tamer, K. (2008). Aerobik, anaerobik antrenman programlarının lipoprotein düzeyleri üzerine etkisi. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 17(3), 137-143.
📄Kratz, A., Lewandrowski, K.B., Siegel, A.J., Chun, K.Y., Flood, J.G., Van Cott, E.M., … et al. (2002). Effect of marathon running on hematologic and biochemical laboratory parameters, including cardiac markers. American Society for Clinical Pathology, 118:856-863. https://doi.org/10.1309/14TY-2TDJ-1X0Y-1V6V
📄Kraus, W.E., Houmard, J.A., Duscha, B.D., Knetzger, K.J., Wharton, M.B., Mc Cartney, J.S., … et al. (2002). Effects of the amount and intensity of exercise on plasma lipoproteins. The New England Journal of Medicine, 347(19):1483–1492. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa020194
📄Mashiko, T., Umeda, T., Nakaji, S., & Sugawara, K. (2004). Effects of exercise on the physical condition ofcollege rugby players during summer training camp. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 38 (2), 186–190. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2002.004333
📄Sarıakçalı, B., Duman, G., Ceylan, L., Polat, M., Hazar, S., & Eliöz, M. (2021). Spor bilimleri fakültesinde uygulama eğitimin biyokimyasal ve hematolojik parametrelere etkisi. Spor ve Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi, 12(3), 222-232. https://doi.org/10.17155/omuspd.976834
📄Taşkın, C. (2007). 10- 12 yaş obez çocuklarda 12 haftalık düzenli egzersizin vücut kompozisyonu ve kan lipid düzeyleri üzerine etkisi. [Master’s thesis, Gaziantep University] Gaziantep.
📄Trejo, J.F., Gutierrez, J.F., & Fletcher, G. (2007). Impact of exercise on blood lipids and lipoproteins. Journal of Clinical Lipidology, 1(3), 175-181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacl.2007.05.006
📄Uğraş, F., & Aydos, L. (2001). Elit düzeyde spor yaptıktan sonra yarışma sporunu bırakmış sporcularda kan profilinin araştırılması. Gazi Journal of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, 6(2), 27-38.
📄Wilber, R.L., Drake, S.D., Hesson, J.L., Nelson, J.A., Kearney, J.T., Dallam, G.M., … et al. (2000). Effect of altitude training on serum creatine kinase activity and serum cortisol concentration in triathletes. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 81(1-2), 140-7. https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00013787
,
Nuri Muhammet Çelik
2